A History of Elections in the Cayman Islands
[Researched at the National Archives]
According to our records the first formal type of elected Government was first introduced in December 1831. However, prior to this the Islands were administered by a number of Magistrates and Senior Magistrates, and some times even by a Custos, appointed by the Governor of Jamaica. This system of Government worked well while the population remained relatively small but as the population increased a number of problems were experienced because of weaknesses in the system. [See “Founded upon the Seas” Chap. 5 “The Beginnings of Self-Government” By M.Craton] The first Magistrates ruled with some references to Jamaican Law. In 1802, as Edward Corbet had noted in his Report,”The Magistrates are understood to have the same power as those in this island [Jamaica], but when any new measure is to be adopted it is generally submitted by them to the consideration of the population at large.” This seemed to have been a very democratic manner of dealing with affairs of state, but not everyone was pleased as this led to some confusion and conflict.
By at least 1823, the Chief Magistrate, James Coe Sr., and the other “Magistrates and principal inhabitants” of Grand Cayman apparently felt they needed a more formal system of lawmaking and set of laws. Accordingly, they asked for and got commissions for several more Magistrates from Governor Lord Manchester.
Then on 13 December 1823, the Magistrates and “principal inhabitants” held a meeting at William Eden’s residence at Pedro St. James. Their first decision was to lease the Pedro property from William Eden for £5. 6s. 8d a year. It would be used as an animal pound, court-house, and jail, with a daily payment of 2s.11d authorized whenever there was a prisoner.
Other laws were passed at this time, which dealt with roaming livestock, duties on dry goods, provisions, liquor, or any kind of merchandize sold by any non-inhabitant. Another law, which prohibited the sale of liquors, wines, by any slave, was also passed at this time.
Pedro St. James continued to be the seat of Government, with regular meeting held at this location. On 5th December 1831 a meeting was held at Pedro St. James to form a proper legislative assembly with representatives and Magistrates from each district appointed.- forming as it were two houses in imitation of the Council and Assembly of Jamaica.
On 10th December 1831, 2 representatives of each were “elected” for the districts of West Bay, George Town, South West Sound, Prospect, and Bodden Town the method of election is not known. These ten representatives later referred to as the “Vestry” assembled for the first time on 31st December 1831 in George Town, and met again on 2nd January 1832. The eight Magistrates met at the same time but in a different room carefully preserving the classic British form of a bicameral legislature. No law was “deemed valid” until it had received the assent of both houses.
The names of the Magistrates & Representatives at the 1832 meeting were:
Magistrates | Vestrymen |
---|---|
John Drayton | George W. Wood |
Robert Stephen Watler | James Wood |
Waide W. Bodden |
James Coe Snr. |
John S. Jackson | W. Eden Jr. |
James Coe Jr. | John Goodhew |
Abraham O Feurtado |
James Parsons Snr. |
Elin J. Parsons | William James Bodden |
Nathaniel Glover | Howard Lindsay Thompson |
Samuel Parsons | |
William Bodden |
The following is a summary of subsequent elections results.
1839
George Town | Bodden Town | Spotts and Prospect | South Sound | West Bay |
---|---|---|---|---|
Wm. James Bodden | Richard Carter | James S. Jackson | Shin Parsons | William Brown |
Thomas S Thompson | Thomas Greenwood | William R. Bodden | John Goodhew | D. J. S. Bodden |
Wm. A. Thompson | George McCoy | Tabulon Farrell | ||
James E. Parsons | John B. Wood | |||
J. D. Watler | ||||
Joseph Bodden Jr. | ||||
P. McLaughlin | ||||
Records not found for some years between, further research may reveal these records. |
12TH AUGUST 1909 Meeting George Town, Court House
Commissioner | Justices of the Peace |
George S. S. Hirst MBE | Edmund Parsons |
William M. Coe | |
W. C. Watler | |
A. Crighton | |
William Farrington | |
R. Coe Wood | |
J. S. Webster |
Vestrymen
George Town | Prospect | Bodden Town | West Bay | North Side |
---|---|---|---|---|
Rev. R. C. Young | T. P. Thompson | Nunes Stewart | J. T. Ebanks | Thomas Rankine |
A. J. Roberts | J. D. Watler | William. L. Powell | Hubert L. Ebanks | |
C. J. H. Goring | Hy. H. Thompson | Philip Ebanks | ||
Thomas Coe | William L. Bodden | |||
Malcolm McTaggart | E. J. Lyon |
At another meeting on 16th Septemebr 1909 held at the Commissioner’s Residence in George Town,.the following persons attended:
Justices of the Peace
E. Parsons
William M. Coe
A. E. Panton
W. Farrington
A. Crighton
M. McTaggart
J. S. Webster
Vestrymen
George Town | Prospect | Bodden Town | East End | West Bay | North Side |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rev. R. C. Young | D. V. Thompson | W. L. Powell | R. C. Kennedy | J. T. Ebanks | J. Miller |
A. J. Roberts | J. D. Watler | E. J. Lyon | H. L. Ebanks | ||
Malcolm McTaggart | H. H. Thompson | ||||
N. Stewart | |||||
Wm. L. Bodden |
These two meetings were held only a few weeks apart, and the records show that some member were present at both meetings while some were absent for one. The names in attendance show names that do not appear before this [Please note the name of the East End Vestryman below]. We do not know when these members were elected. At yet another meeting the following year the records show a different group of Vestrymen representing the different districts, although some of the same persons remain. The list of persons attending this meeting are:
Justices of the Peace
F. Parsons
G. Alexander Crighton
H. Robert Coe Wood
William Conwell Watler
I. S/ Webster
Vestrymen
George Town | Prospect | Bodden Town | East End | West Bay | North Side |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Malcolm McTaggart | Denham C. Bush | H. H. Thompson | Gilbert McLaughlin | W. J. Bodden | Benjamin Ebanks |
Thomas Coe | James Darling Watler | Nunes Stewart | Anthony Conolly | Hubert L. Bodden | |
C.J. H. Goring | James C. Crighton | Samuel Elmslie Watler | |||
H. Orrin Merren | Robert Crighton | J. S. Bodden | |||
J. J. Byrd | Richard P. Bodden | ||||
1911
During a meeting in 1911 George Town Vestryman, C. J. H. Goring quoted the writer Wm. Shakespeare. The Commissioner, not being a Shakespeare scholar did not understand the meaning of what was said, recessed the house to do research on the particular passage of Shakespeare before reconvening the sitting again later.
1922
In 1922 an Election was held but the records of the results are not complete. These to be added after later research.
1932
The results of the 1932 Elections are more complete. Records show that the Elections took place on different dates of the same month of August, in different Districts. The results were as follows:
George Town | Bodden Town | East End | North Side | West Bay | Lesser Islands (Cayman Brac & Little Cayman |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cuthbert Heath Bodden | Logan Bodden | Ennis McLaughlin | William Wilbanks Miller | Thomas W. Farrington | Edwin Walton |
James Ashford Panton | Willie T. Bodden | Wilfred Conolly | Earnest Ebanks | Samuel M. Farrington | Robert Leitch |
Charles Joseph Henry Goring | Rev.S. F. Douse | Anthony Conolly | Thomas A. Ebanks | Robert C. Foster | |
Henry Orren Merren Jr. | Emile P. Watler | Edward H. Foster | |||
Austin Seymour | Bunyan Watler |
1948
An Election was held in August 1948 which was noteworthy. Polling was held in the different districts starting from the 10th August. The first Poll was held in George Town on the 10th August which ended in a tie between two candidates H. M. Coe and another candidate, which made it impossible to declare 5 candidates for George Town, this resulted in a By-Election for George Town, ordered for 14th August. The By-Election, however, ended in a tie again between H. M. Coe and A. Berkley Bush resulting in another By-Election being ordered for the 19th August.
At this point Mr. H. M. Coe wrote a strong letter to the Commissioner expressing his feelings that it seemed impossible to have three elections with two candidates tied three times. He suggested the possibility of tampering, and called for an investigation.
The new By-Election was held on the 19th August, this time with definitive results. The results of the whole Island Elections are listed below for easy reference.
George Town | Prospect | Bodden Town | East End | North Side | West Bay | Lesser Islands (Cayman Brac & Little Cayman) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Roy Edison McTaggart | Selwyn Eden | John Bodden | Theophilus Bodden | Cromwell Ebanks | Edison McNee Ebanks | Edwin Adolphus Carter |
Ormond Lauder Panton | Emmis Forbes | Henry McCoy | Lincoln Bodden | Bunyan Whittaker | J. Stafford Ebanks | Charles Gerald Kirkconnell |
Edgar Ducan Merren | Andrew Bush | Alfred Biddle Bodden | Joseph McLean | Charles Garfield Farrington | Keith Parker Tibbetts | |
Allen Berkley Bush | William Benjamin McCoy | J. Prentice Powell | Robert Clifton Foster | |||
Hugh Malcolm Coe | John Bunyan Watler | James Cadian Ebanks |
Also during the 1948 Elections a letter was received by the Commissioner from a group of women in George Town, expressing their right to vote and run for Election. Up until this time, women did not vote though there seemed to have been no law prohibiting women from voting. We find no reply to this letter but the matter was raised again in 1956 and finally was settled in 1959. For more details of this women’s campaign please see “Founded upon the Seas”, History of the Cayman Islands Chap. 14
[See letter inserted for names Reproduced from History of the Cayman Islands]
This letter started a controversy, which lasted until 1959 when women finally got the right to vote and run for office. [See complete history in “Founded Upon the Seas” 1956 ElectionsGeorge Town | Prospect | Bodden Town | East End | North Side | West Bay | Lesser Islands |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ormond L. Panton | Lindberg Eden | A. Biddle Bodden | W. Allen McLaughlin | Kenneth Chisholm | Spurgeon A. Ebanks | Keith Parker Tibbetts |
Edgar Ducan Merren | Lawrence Thompson | Rev. George H. Ricketts | N. Rudolph McLaughlin | Olney Ebanks | J. Stafford Banks | Arnold Atherline Foster |
William Wallace Bodden | Carl Thompson | James Berry | Lincoln Bodden | J. Garston Smith | Robert Clifton Foster | |
Hugh Malcolm Coe | Harold Stewart | Owen Farrington | Charles Gerald Kirkconnell | |||
Allen Berkley Bush | William B. McCoy | James C. Ebanks |
In 1959 the Cayman Islands were granted their first Constitution and Universal Sufferage, the Assembly changed from the Assembly of Vestry to the Legislative Assembly and twelve members were elected, there were also three Official Members, and three Nominated Members.
Excerpt from speech made by His Excellency the Governor on 2nd October ,1959 from the Secretary of State for the Colonies on behalf of Her Majesty’s Government in the United Kingdom.
“ … The first meeting of the Legislative Assembly for the Cayman Islands under the new Constitution provided for by Order made by Her Majesty the Queen in Council on the 13th of May, 1959 … You have today a Legislative Assembly to which twelve members have been elected for the first time on the basis of universal adult sufferage.”
- Address by His Excellency the Governor to Legislative Assembly for the Cayman Islands.
The new Legislative Assembly was comprised of the following:
President Major A. H. Donald O.B.E. Administrator
Official Members
Hon. James Rufus Astwood
Hon. Earnest Ottey Panton M. H. E. JP
Desmond Vere Watler , J. P.
Nominated Members
Emmis Mortimer Forbes, J.P.
Hon. Capt. Theophilus Rearie Bodden
William Warren Conolly
Elected Members
West Bay | George Town | Lesser Islands | Bodden Town | East End | North Side |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Arthur H. Ebanks | Dr. Roy E. McTaggart | Noland B. Foster | Malcolm Eden | Hon. Wm. Allen McLaughlin | Craddock Ebanks |
J. Cadian Ebanks | E. Ducan Merren | Keith P. Tibbetts | James A. Miller | ||
Hon. T. William Farrington | A. Colin Panton | ||||
Executive Council
Hon. Major A. H. Donald O.B.E. Administrator
Official Members
Hon. James Rufus Astwood
Hon. Ernest Ottey Panton M.B.E. J.P.
Nominated Members
Hon. Capt, Theophilus Rearie Bodden
Elected Members
Hon. T. William Farrington
Hon. William Allen McLaughlin
The 1959 Elections was a turning point for the Elections Process in the Cayman Islands as the women finally had a voice and were able to run for Elections, and hold Office. This move came at a pivotal time in the Islands development, as a large percentage of the men were away at sea and were not available to fill many key posts.
During the early 1960’s a move to establish a West Indies Federation of the British Colonies in the Caribbean, the Cayman Islands took a stand against joining the Federation which would have led to political changes for the Cayman Islands. This controversy lasted almost two years and ended with the Federation being scrapped, Jamaica moving into independence, and the Cayman Islands reverting to full colony status.
The next change to the Constitution came in 1972 as a result of select committees appointed by the Legislative assembly in 1966, 67, and 69 but nothing was achieved until 1972.
In June 1970 the Earl of Oxford and Asquith was appointed by the Commonwealth Office to examine the situation and make recommendations. He arrived in January the next year and met with the people in the Cayman Islands. It was soon realized that the people wanted very little changes and certainly no significant constitutional advancements. In the end the new constitution came into force on 22nd August, 1972.It made some significant changes but stopped short of full self government. One of the changes introduced a “Member” and “Portfolio” system of governing for the first time instead of a full Ministerial Government. The 1972 Constitution established the qualifications for being a “Caymanian” and the criteria for voting and running for Political Office.